Hečipir/English

Thought it might be useful to have the grammar explained in English somewhere on this wiki :P

Phonology and orthography
I think the section on this on the Hečipir page is clear enough. There are a few irregular spellings which will be pointed out wherever they come up.

Nouns
Nouns take suffixes for number, possessor and case, in that order. The suffixes are almost entirely regular, with some minor variation occuring depending on the final sound of the root.

The plural suffix is -na. No variations of it are currently known. The singular is unmarked.

The possessive suffixes are shown in the following table. The unpossessed form of a noun is unmarked.

The third-person singular possessive lengthens any preceding vowel (e.g. gara "village" becomes garák "his village"), and after some (but not all) nouns ending in consonants it becomes -ak. -ál, -ám and -ǻd delete any preceding vowel.

There are at least five cases. The nominative is unmarked, the others are marked with suffixes which follow the possessor suffix. These are: Note that nouns ending in a syllabic m take the consonant-stem variants of the accusative and dative case suffixes, e.g. Űzvertokm̏en.
 * Accusative: -i after consonants and -j after vowels
 * Dative: -en after consonants and -n after vowels
 * Locative: -pék
 * Instrumental: -lok

Pronouns
The first- and second person pronouns are te and me respectively. They inflect as regular nouns, but they are not used very often as person and number are usually marked on the verb. In verbless sentences, however, it is required to use pronouns.

Verbs
There are two conjugations, exemplified below by the verbs bér "to be right" and szm̋ "to go". Note that the citation form of verbs is the third-person singular present.

Verbs are also marked for tense and/or aspect. One suffix for this is currently known: -naz (as in Sztudérnaz viszkundej Kővűztanpék "He studied maths in the Netherlands").

Adjectives
True adjectives are quite rare, because many ideas which in English are expressed with adjectives are expressed in Hečipir with verbs.

Word order
The basic word order is verb - object - subject.

Ít m̋leki ősjósz. drink milk-ACC goat.keeper The goat keeper drinks milk.

"Be" and "have"
Hečipir lacks words which mean "be" and "have" in English. Instead of a verb which means "to be", Hečipir uses no verb at all.

Ej hǻzna Hečipir. a language Hečipir Hečipir is a language.

"X has Y" is expressed as "for X exists his Y".

Batm̋ számin pekujk. exist-3SG thief-DAT money-3SG.POSS The thief has money.